This concatenated dataset consists of both the COI and 16S gene regions for 17 Scarabaeolus species and various other species from the Pachysoma MacLeay 1821, Sceliages Westwood 1837, Scarabaeus Linnaeus 1758 and Kheper Janssens 1940 genera. Fifteen of the sequences are from the GenBank database, and the rest were sequenced from the legs of individual beetles in the molecular lab at the Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria. The sequences were used in an analysis to support the morphological species designations within the Scarabaeolus genus.